I suspect that the driving force behind the modification of the calendar system and the general populace's understanding of the work week was the Industrial Revolution of the mid-19th century where the vested interests of employers and their financial backers exceeded those who populated agrarian communities.

Industrial Revolution
By: History.com Editors
Updated: March 27, 2023 | Original: October 29, 2009

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When Was the Industrial Revolution?

Though a few innovations were developed as early as the 1700s, the Industrial Revolution began in earnest by the 1830s and 1840s in Britain, and soon spread to the rest of the world, including the United States.

Modern historians often refer to this period as the First Industrial Revolution, to set it apart from a second period of industrialization that took place from the late 19th to early 20th centuries and saw rapid advances in the steel, electric and automobile industries...

...Though many people in Britain had begun moving to the cities from rural areas before the Industrial Revolution, this process accelerated dramatically with industrialization, as the rise of large factories turned smaller towns into major cities over the span of decades.

This rapid urbanization brought significant challenges, as overcrowded cities suffered from pollution, inadequate sanitation, miserable housing conditions and a lack of safe drinking water...

By the mid-19th century, industrialization was well-established throughout the western part of Europe and America’s northeastern region.